AN-1515 A Comprehensive Study of the Howland Current Pump (Rev. A)

Texas Instruments

Published Date: 04/26/2013

Description

It is well known to analog experts that you can use the positive and negative inputs of an operationalamplifier to make a high-impedance current source (current pump) using a conventional operationalamplifier (op amp). This basic circuit can put out both + and - output current (or zero current) into variousloads. The theory is simple. But the practical problems involved are not so simple or

Parts

Part Number Name Companion Part
LM324AM LM324AM Buy Datasheet
LM324AM/NOPB LM324AM/NOPB Buy Datasheet
LM324AMX LM324AMX Buy Datasheet
LM324J LM324J Buy Datasheet
LM324M LM324M Buy Datasheet
LM324M/NOPB LM324M/NOPB Buy Datasheet
LM324MT/NOPB LM324MT/NOPB Buy Datasheet
LM324MTX LM324MTX Buy Datasheet
LM324MTX/NOPB LM324MTX/NOPB Buy Datasheet
LM324MX LM324MX Buy Datasheet
LM324N/NOPB LM324N/NOPB Buy Datasheet
LM6132AIM/NOPB LM6132AIM/NOPB Buy Datasheet
LM6132AIMX LM6132AIMX Buy Datasheet
LM6132AIMX/NOPB LM6132AIMX/NOPB Buy Datasheet
LM6132BIMX LM6132BIMX Buy Datasheet
LM6152ACM LM6152ACM Buy Datasheet
LM6152ACMX LM6152ACMX Buy Datasheet
LM6152ACMX/NOPB LM6152ACMX/NOPB Buy Datasheet
LM6152BCMX/NOPB LM6152BCMX/NOPB Buy Datasheet
LM8261M5X LM8261M5X Buy Datasheet
LM8261M5X/NOPB LM8261M5X/NOPB Buy Datasheet
LMC6462AIM LMC6462AIM Buy Datasheet
LMC6462AIM/NOPB LMC6462AIM/NOPB Buy Datasheet
LMC6462AIMX/NOPB LMC6462AIMX/NOPB Buy Datasheet
LMC6462AIN/NOPB LMC6462AIN/NOPB Buy Datasheet
LMC6462B-MDC LMC6462B-MDC Buy Datasheet
LMC6462BIM/NOPB LMC6462BIM/NOPB Buy Datasheet
LMC6462BIMX/NOPB LMC6462BIMX/NOPB Buy Datasheet
LMC6462BIN/NOPB LMC6462BIN/NOPB Buy Datasheet
LMC6492AEM LMC6492AEM Buy Datasheet
LMC6492AEM/NOPB LMC6492AEM/NOPB Buy Datasheet
LMC6492AEMX/NOPB LMC6492AEMX/NOPB Buy Datasheet
LMC6492BEM LMC6492BEM Buy Datasheet
LMH6647MAX/NOPB LMH6647MAX/NOPB Buy Datasheet
LMP7704MA/NOPB LMP7704MA/NOPB Buy Datasheet
LMP7704MTX/NOPB LMP7704MTX/NOPB Buy Datasheet
LMV841MGX/NOPB LMV841MGX/NOPB Buy Datasheet
LMV841QMG/NOPB LMV841QMG/NOPB Buy Datasheet
LMV841QMGX/NOPB LMV841QMGX/NOPB Buy Datasheet
LMV934MA LMV934MA Buy Datasheet
LMV934MA/NOPB LMV934MA/NOPB Buy Datasheet
LMV934MAX LMV934MAX Buy Datasheet
LMV934MTX/NOPB LMV934MTX/NOPB Buy Datasheet